Why Do Turtles Always Stick Their Heads Out of the Water? 3 Reasons Reveal Their True Needs

Although turtles are easy to keep, various problems can still arise during the process. There is one phenomenon that many turtle keepers have likely encountered: the water level is clearly over the turtle’s back, yet the turtle still frequently sticks its head out, standing up to look around. Does this indicate a problem?

Actually, a turtle frequently sticking its head out of the water is no cause for alarm. The turtle is expressing its needs, which are generally related to the following 3 points:

Physiological Needs and Environmental Factors

Breathing + Relieving Pressure

Although turtles can also breathe in water, they need to come to the surface periodically for fresh air. If the water level is over their back but there are no resting spots like basking platforms or rocks in the turtle tank, they will get tired from being suspended in the water for long periods. By standing up and sticking their heads out, they can both quickly get air and relieve the pressure on their bodies. This is similar to how a person who is tired from walking wants to find a chair to sit and rest.

Curiosity + Acclimatizing to the Environment

This is especially true for newly bought turtles. After arriving home or being moved to a new tank, the turtle will stand up and poke its head out to observe its surroundings. Some turtles will even ‘stand guard and watch’ you from outside the glass. In reality, it’s just curious and intrigued by the new environment. We need to be careful not to interact with it too frequently during this time. Give it an acclimatization period of 3–5 days, and the turtle will calm down after it becomes familiar with its environment.

Uncomfortable Water Temperature / Water Quality

If the water temperature drops below 20°C (68°F), for example, if there’s no heating during the change of seasons, the turtle’s activity level will decrease, and it will instinctively want to get closer to the layer of air to find warmth. Additionally, if the water quality is poor (murky), the water hasn’t been changed in time, there’s a lack of oxygen, or there’s an odor, the turtle will also frequently stick its head out, wanting to ‘escape’ the aquatic environment.

Generally, if the temperature is below 20°C (68°F), an aquarium heater can be used. If the water is murky, promptly change 1/3 of the water. Do not change it all at once to prevent the turtle from being unable to adapt to a sudden change in water temperature.

If you notice your turtle frequently sticking its head out, you can analyze the situation based on the 3 points mentioned above. If it’s a newly bought turtle poking its head out, you can ignore it, as this is caused by curiosity. If it’s a turtle you’ve had for a long time that frequently pokes its head out, you can add some rocks to the tank for it to climb on and rest. Additionally, you should check the water temperature and quality. If the temperature is too low, heat it promptly. If the water quality is poor, change it in a timely manner. By doing these things, you can ensure your turtle grows up healthy and happy.